Define Pneumonia And Explain Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Pneumonia is contamination that influences it is possible that either of the lungs. It is non an individual ailment and it might hold in excess of 30 kinds of various causes, including bacteriums, Fungis and infections. In youthful children with the period of under 5 mature ages old, viral pneumonia is the most well-known sort of pneumonia, with its most basic reason being the grippe infection. We will compose a custom article test on Characterize Pneumonia And Explain Health And Social Care Essay or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now There are numerous different infections that can do pneumonia each piece great, for example, respiratory syncytial infection, herpes simplex infection, rhinovirus and horrible intense respiratory condition ( SARS ) . Network obtained pneumonia is the most widely recognized kind of pneumonia which is gained in open nations like the school, food advertise shop or working topographic point. It may be brought about by either bacteriums, Fungis, infection or the thistles present noticeable all around, with the most widely recognized reason being the bacterium Streptococcus pneumoniae. Its advancement can other than happen following a grippe or cold [ 1 ] . Emergency clinic gained penumonia which is other than known as organization procured pneumonia is obtained in the hospital, curiously while remaining and under mediation in the concentrated consideration unit ( ICU ) or utilizing a ventilator to help in take a relaxing. It typically alongside creates following a significant medical procedure including chest medical procedure or during dialysis in kidney dialysis focuses or staying in incessant consideration communities. It has the conceivable to be extremely dangerous, particularly to the individuals who are youthful, matured or resistant bargained [ 1 ] . Rundown the clinical indications ( foundational versus respiratory ) related with pneumonia. Fundamental indications [ 2 ] : †Mild or high febrility †Shaking icinesss †Concern †Loss of appetency †Fatigue, low vitality †Increased sweat and moist covering †Confusion ( particularly in the matured ) Respiratory side effects [ 2 ] : †Cough ( may incorporates creation of light-green or xanthous mucous discharge, even blood mucous discharge in specific kinds of pneumonias ) †Shortness of breath ( may only occur while mounting up stepss ) †Stabbing or fresh chest harming which can decay with full breath or hack Utilizing the SMART-COP instrument and the data gave above ascertain MR Barnes ‘ SMART-COP imprint and find if Mr Barnes has gentle, seat or horrendous CAP. Mr Barnes ‘ SMART-COP mark is 6, which mean he has horrible CAP and has a high risk ( 33 % ) of requiring concentrated respiratory or vasopressor support ( IRVS ) [ 3 ] . The imprint may be lower than his existent imprint however because of the lack of data sing Mr Barnes ‘ egg whites fixation in plasma, chest rate, mental position and blood pH. Complete the undermentioned intercession program for the course of Mr Barnes ‘ CAP, as would be plot in the patient ‘s permission notes, using the even exhibit gave. Treatment program Clarify the ground: †for your suggestion/reaction at the point when make fulling in the spaces. †the doctor has requested certain preliminaries and perceptions and so forth to get down the undermentioned IV experimental anti-infection agents ( incorporate measurement ) : moxifloxacin 400mg IV, day by day A ; azithromycin 500mg IV, day by day. Expansive range anti-infection agents are required stomach muscle initio for the intercession of Streptococcus pneumoniae, Legionella penumophila, and enteral Gram-negative B. Since Mr Barnes is adversely affected by penicillin, moxifloxacin is utilized in topographic purpose of penicillin. for paracetamol 0.5 to 1g orally or ibuprofen 600mg orally for pleuritic chest harming. To flexibly adequate absense of pain to empower equivalent respiratory movements in add-on to cut bringing down the risk of atelectasis and pneumonia. for assistant O by means of rhinal prongs. Since Mr Barnes ‘ O impregnation is 89 % which is fairly low. for salbutamol 5mg q4h prn by means of atomizer. For the intercession of wind current limitation or for the advancement in mucociliary leeway. for redundancy chest X beam in following 2 yearss. To do sure that the intercession is solid for the pneumonia contamination [ 1 ] . retain Altace tablets. To hinder farther abatement in Mr Barnes ‘ blood power per unit zone as he is now in hypotensive region. for everyday full blood examination ( FBE ) , U A ; E ‘s, Creatinine. To investigate the white platelets tally and type, what's more to discover the disagreeableness of Mr Barnes ‘s pneumonia contamination. for QID perceptions ( BP, Resp Rate, Temp, O2 impregnation ) . To discover whether Mr Barnes is recovering acceptable from the pneumonia disease. follow up blood and mucus civic establishments. To direct the pulverization of the particular causative operators of Mr Barnes ‘ pneumonia. What changes to demonstrate outcomes, perceptions and patient indications would the clinical staff and you as pharmacist delegate, to bespeak that the anti-toxin treatment is solid? I will regulate Mr Barnes ‘ x-beam outcome, if the x-beam result demonstrated that the pneumonia contamination nation is cut bringing down with the goal that implies the anti-infection treatment is viable. Moreover, I will other than manage the beat oximetry or blood gases test outcome, if the O impregnation goes up nearer to ~95 % so the anti-infection treatment is in all probability efficacious. Other than this, I will other than regulate the everyday full blood investigation result, the anti-toxin treatment is viable if the white platelets check is coming back to the ordinary degree. I would other than regulate the result of his blood and mucus human advancements. On the off chance that the figure of the causative operators of his pneumonia is persistently cut bringing down, that demonstrates that the anti-toxin treatment is adequate. Other than this, I will other than administer Mr Barnes ‘ temperature, blood power per unit region and respiratory rate as great. On the off chance that every one of them a tiny bit at a time came back to their few typical degrees so the anti-toxin treatment is viable. Not just this, I will other than distinguish and ask whether does Mr Barnes ‘ starting indicating side effects, for example, hacking that produces mucus, pleuritic chest harming and sentiment of disquiet are bettering. In the event that they are bettering, so the anti-toxin is in all probability solid. ( I ) What unwritten anti-infection would you encourage for Mr Barnes given all before referenced data? I would encourage moxifloxacin, 400mg orally, every day for Mr Barnes [ 3 ] . ( two ) What might be the suggested continuation of anti-microbial intercession? The suggested continuation of anti-microbial intercession is 7 yearss. ( three ) In point signifier list the direction focuses you would flexibly to Mr Barnes for this anti-infection. Take moxifloxacin along with repasts. Abstain from taking alkalizers, Fe and Zn addendums inside 2 hours of taking moxifloxacin as they would meddle with the absorbing of moxifloxacin. Be sure to take moxifloxacin until finish. Moxifloxacin can follow in energy, disarray or faintness, which may so bring to chop down capacity to drive and additionally work hardware. These impacts can be exacerbated by intoxicant ingestion. In the event that experience any delicacy of redness of ligament, cease moxifloxacin, do n’t apply, and consult with the doctor in the most limited clasp as could be expected under the circumstances. It is entirely expected to see infection, stomachic unsettling influence and loose bowels while taking moxifloxacin. Guarantee plentifulness of liquids consumption ( 1.5-2L per twenty-four hours ) while taking moxifloxacin. Dodge from using urinary alkalinisers along with moxifloxacin as there is the danger of cystalluria. Moxifloxacin may expand the caffeine ‘s impacts in specific individuals by stifling its transformation, henceforth decline in caffeine utilization may be required. For the pneumonia brought about by the undermentioned pathogens, list the anti-infection ( s ) you would ask for â€Å" coordinated treatment † . Complete the even exhibit beneath. Pathogen doing the pneumonia Depiction of the pathogen is it gram negative or gram positive bacteriums? is it aerophilic or anaerobiotic? is it an organism or infection? Anti-toxin proposal Non-MRSA staphylococcal pneumonia It is a Gram-positive aerophilic bacteriums. ( facultative anaerobe if is aureus ) Di/flucloxacillin 2g IV, 4 to 6 hourly. †With penicillin extreme touchiness ( aside from quick extreme touchiness ) : Cefalotin 2g IV, 4 hourly. Cephazolin 2g IV, 8 hourly. †With quick penicillin extreme touchiness: Vancomycin 1.5g IV, 12 hourly. Legionella species It is a Gram-negative aerophilic bacteriums. †With mellow malady: Azithromycin 500mg orally, day by day for 5 yearss Or on the other hand Doxycycline 100mg orally, 12 hoursly for 10 to 14 yearss. †With horrible illness: Azithromycin 500mg IV or orally, day by day. In addition Ciprofloxacin 400mg IV, 12-hourly. Pseudomonas aeruginosa It is a Gram-negative aerophilic bacteriums. Gentamycin 4 to 6 mg/kg for 1 dose, so dosing span is controlled by nephritic guide for a furthest constraint of either 1 or 2 additional portions. Besides EITHER Ceftazidime 2g IV, 8-hourly. Or then again Meropenem 500mg to 1g IV, 8-hourly. Mycoplasma pneumoniae It is a Gram-negative facultative anaerobic bacteriums. Doxycycline 200mg orally, for the principal measurement, trailed by 100mg orally, every day. Notices: FamilyDoctor.org [ landing page on the Internet ] . Leawood, KS: American Acedemy of Family Physicians ; c2012 [ refered to 2012 Sept 20 ] . Pneumonia ; [ around 9 screens ] . Accessible from: hypertext move convention:/familydoctor.org/familydoctor/en/infections conditions/pneumonia.printerview.all.html American Lung Association [ landing page on the Internet ] . Washington, DC: American Lung Association ; c2012 [ refered to 2012 Sept 20 ] . Side effects, Diagnosis and Treatment ; [ around 4 screens ] . Accessible from: hypertext move convention:/www.lung.org/lung-malady/pneumonia/indications analysis and.html. eTG

Beauty :: essays research papers

Magnificence  â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â â Outline of The Biology of Beauty           Many articles are composed by current clinicians and psychoanalysts that pressure the significance of magnificence in human and creature reproducing just as endurance. One such article The Biology of Beauty proposes this significance and backs it up with numerous statistical data points just as reviews on typical individuals. The article states numerous speculations and theories and furthermore attempts to clarify why magnificence assumes such a significant job in sexuality and force. What is excellence? As indicated by this article, magnificence is a blend of evenness, unique characteristics, and attributes.           Symmetry is maybe the most bolstered piece of excellence in this article. The article expresses that balance shows bounty of sexual hormones, wellbeing, and quality of the safe framework. They bolster their theory of evenness' effect on the plenitude of sexual hormones with different logical proof. Two therapists, Steven Gangestead and Randy Thornhill estimated the evenness of several people in school. They likewise asked them to complete an individual private overview that gave data on their wellbeing what's more, sex lives. What they discovered was that the people with better evenness had begun engaging in sexual relations 3-4 years before the individuals with normal balance. Gangestead and Thornhill likewise finished another overview including ladies' reactions to even men and men with normal balance. The outcomes were as anticipated. The ladies with even accomplices reacted twice as much analyzed to the ladies with men having normal evenness. The pace of contraception was likewise a lot higher. Creatures are considerably more serious in their picking. Female penguins won't acknowledge guys who aren't stout and even, and female scorpion flies just acknowledge guys with balanced wings, as they are better at chasing and ensuring. Likewise, less even people reviewed had more sicknesses and increasingly visit records of ailments contrasted with balanced men and ladies who were generally speaking a lot more beneficial.           Special characteristics additionally assume a job in excellence. An individual with typical highlights isn't considered as excellent as one with a couple of exceptional highlights. New Mexico State University's Victor Johnston led a PC overview called FacePrints in which members all things considered and ethnic gatherings were solicited to give their records from an ideal face into the PC. What they thought of was astounding. Rather than choosing a female with normal facial highlights, the men inclined toward an energetic face comprising of numerous remarkable highlights. Their optimal face comprised of a little jawline and jaws just as enormous eyes and delectable lips. Ladies esteem something contrary to the face developed by men: a face comprising of a solid jaw and jawline, unmistakable

The Three Faces of Eve Essay Example

The Three Faces of Eve Essay The Three Faces of Eve Dissociative Identity Disorder, some time ago known as Multiple Personality Disorder, is a dissociative issue where at least two particular characters or character states are available. These various characters or characters intermittently assume responsibility for a person’s memory and is broad to such an extent that it can't just be clarified by absent mindedness (DSM-IV-TR 519). In the film The Three Faces of Eve, which depends on a genuine tale about a lady presently known as Chris Sizemore, is the account of how Dissociative Identity Disorder assumed control over her life. Chris Sizemore, once known as Eve White, had three subpersonalities. Every one of these subpersonalities had a one of a kind arrangement of recollections, practices, considerations and feelings. At some random time, one of them can come out and alternate controlling her practices (Comer 224). This case was a forward leap in Psychology in the 1950’s and gave us our first look at what individuals managing Dissociative Identity Disorder are experiencing. Eve White is confronting a few indications that presume that she has Dissociative Identity Disorder. These manifestations are: Horrific cerebral pains and power outages that happen before the personality change occurs, voices giving directions, the various characters utilizing separate names, garments appearing in the house that the individual doesn’t recollect having purchased, incapable to review significant data and attempting to make hurt oneself by forceful and self-destructive conduct (DSM-IV-TR 526-529). The film starts on August 20, 1951 when Ralph White brings his significant other, Eve, to see Dr. Luther, a specialist, since she has been messed with awful migraines and spells of amnesia happening two times every week. We will compose a custom exposition test on The Three Faces of Eve explicitly for you for just $16.38 $13.9/page Request now We will compose a custom exposition test on The Three Faces of Eve explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer We will compose a custom exposition test on The Three Faces of Eve explicitly for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Recruit Writer The storyteller expresses that subsequent to talking with Dr. Luther, Mrs. White is incredibly helped by the mental treatment. She has less and less-extreme cerebral pains and no more power outage spells. That is, until the spring of 1952, when she buys $218. 00 worth of conspicuous, tempting attire, endeavors to choke her girl, Bonnie, deserts her family to visit her cousin, and afterward has no memory of what occurred. In light of these practices, Mr. White takes his significant other back to Dr. Luther. Mrs. White confesses to hearing a female voice, seeming like her own, for as long as hardly any months advising her to leave Ralph and flee with Bonnie. This scares her so Dr. Luther consoles her that she isn't losing her brain since she remembers it as an indication of sickness. He says â€Å"people losing their brains think hearing voices is a benefit they appreciate like individual radio gathering or inherent radar. † Eve White, Eve Black and Jane are the three subpersonalities that this individual is managing. Utilizing separate names for every character is a manifestation of having Dissociative Identity Disorder. Eve White, otherwise called the essential, or host, character frequently shows up more than the others (Comer 224). Eve White is a discouraged, dull housewife, uncertain of herself, having power outage spells or amnesia, hearing voices and endeavoring self destruction. Eve Black is the gathering young lady who likes to be a tease, smoke, drink, wear tempting dresses, and is adversely affected by nylon. Both Eve White and Eve Black talk with a southern emphasize, however Jane, a quiet, complex, and reasonable lady has no highlight and sounds accomplished and refined. During a treatment meeting, while at the same time conversing with her clinician, Eve White covers her face with her hands and is gone up against with an extreme cerebral pain. At the point when she gazes upward, Dr. Luther meets the second character of Eve Black who plays with him and requests that he go out. She discloses to him Black is her original surname, she isn't hitched, and Bonnie isn't her youngster. Eve Black relaxes, removes her stockings, since she is susceptible to nylon, smokes a cigarette, and grumbles the workplace is excessively hot. When addressed by the specialist, Eve Black says she jumps at the chance to sing and move at dance club in the wake of having a couple of beverages and the following morning she gives Eve White the headache. She clarifies that Eve White doesn’t know anything about her, however she has a deep understanding of Eve White. This is known as â€Å"one-way amnesic connections, which is the most widely recognized relationship design, some subpersonalities know about others, yet the mindfulness isn't mutual† (Comer 225). Eve is admitted to the mental area of University Hospital for perception and treatment. While there, Dr. Luther chooses to disclose to Eve White about Eve Black, and he shows Ralph how the two characters switch to and fro. During one of the treatment meetings, Eve Black grumbles that she needed to come out to prevent Eve White from slitting her wrist with an extremely sharp steel. Likewise, Eve Black began having power outage spells, as well. In past treatment meetings, Dr. Luther had been utilizing mesmerizing to switch to and fro to every character to converse with them and make sense of what the reason for every last one of them was. While utilizing spellbinding, Dr. Luther meets the third character, Jane, who had to kiss her dead grandma farewell when she was six years of age. The awful youth experience is the way in to numerous characters rising as a methods for self-security in taking care of the pressure. On September 17, 1953, when Dr. Luther can draw out the subdued beloved recollections, Jane, who had no recollections, would now be able to recall her past. Likewise, both the Eve White and Eve Black characters kick the bucket that day. After two years, Jane composed a letter to Dr. Luther expressing gratitude toward him and expressing that Eve White and Eve Black have not returned. â€Å"The three subpersonalities had converged into Evelyn, a steady character who was actually a coordination of the others† (Comer 225). The film doesn't address this, yet I read in the course book that â€Å"altogether 22 subpersonalities had approached during her life, including nine subpersonalities after Evelyn. She has now beaten her issue, accomplishing a solitary, stable character, and has been known as Chris Sizemore for more than 30 years† (Comer 225). I accept that Chris Sizemore had Dissociative Identity Disorder, yet I accept that it created in light of the fact that she had Posttraumatic Stress Disorder when she was more youthful that was never analyzed. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is â€Å"an nervousness issue in which dread and related side effects keep on being experienced long after a horrendous event† (Comer 168). At the point when she was youthful, she encountered a few injuries in a three-month time frame that included seeing two passings and a stunning mishap. The Dissociative Identity Disorder started after these frequencies and helped her arrangement with the pressure that she looked at such a youthful age (Comer 225).

Organ Donation Transplant - Free Essay Example

Organ transplantation, or organ donation, is when one of the persons failing organs are removed and replaced with a better organ that was taken from another person. Organs can be failing because they could have had a disease or damaged due to different factors. Also, some people are unfortunately sometimes born without a certain organ that they may need to live with. These people are part of the many people out there who are waiting for a replacement for one or more of their organs. An organ transplant is probably the last method to do when all other cures, treatments, and procedures fail. The first successful organ transplant occurred in 1954. The transplant was performed by David Hume and Joseph Murray. A kidney was donated from a living person to another living person. These two people were twins so donating the organ had a higher success rate. However, the article Historical Overview of Transplantation by Clyde Barker and James Markmann states that, As early as 600 b.c., the use of autogenous skin flaps to replace missing noses was conceived. The human skin is one of our largest organs, so replacing some skin from one person to another person is also considered as organ donation. During these early times many basic transplantation like this happened. They were successful because the doctors used detached or free grafts of the patients tissue or that of other donors (Barker). During the 19th century, researchers started finding more major skin transplantation. In 1869, a person named Jacques-Louis Reverdin was able to find out that small, thin (split thickness) graf ts would heal (Barker). This was a major advancement because it helped treat many injuries and diseases such as ulcers, open wounds, and burns. In the 20th century many more major discoveries and transplants occurred. In 1963, an organ was successfully recovered from a person who was brain dead. This was a very important discovery because organs are still recovered today from brain dead donors. Also, another important transplant was the heart transplant in 1967 which is still very important. Organ donation has kept advancing more and more over the years. Because of advancement and more research, organ donation has kept on becoming more successful. Researchers have created medicine to take, so your body will not reject the new organ in your body. The medicine is immunosuppressant. Without this medicine the donated organ will not be able to function because the body will not let it to do its function. The rejection may not happen very quickly, but the person will experience different symptoms. Some symptoms can be pain where the transplant was done, feeling sick, a fever, losing or gaining weight, swelling, and changing heart rate. However, other than rejection other problems can occur. The medicine taken will suppress your immune system, hence, the name immunosuppressant. The person will be more vulnerable to diseases, illnesses, infections, and germs. Also, after a surgery anyone is vulnerable to these things too but because of the medicine it can be worse for people that have received an organ. In an article Barry Friedman says Livi ng with a transplant is always about keeping the balance between rejection and infection. This basically means that the immunosuppressant medicine will help your body not reject and attack the organ but it will also make you less immune. They must be very careful and take care of themselves. Regularly doing physical exercise and maintaining a good diet helps out. Physical exercise should not include sports where you make contact with other people because this can lead to injury and infection. Additionally, they should visit the doctor often for checkup. Eventually, after a few weeks or a few months, you will get used to the new routine and your body will get used to the new organ. Other than these type of advancements, research, and medicine, there are also technological advancements. There are a lot of technological advancements that have occurred and are still going on. Something that I found very interesting is 3D printing artificial organs. Scientists are now making the organs that are needed for daily living. Some include the heart, brain, and arteries. 3D printing an object was invented by the engineer Charles Hull in the early 1980s. It has advanced so much since then and many people can use their imagination to make amazing things. The start of organ printing began in 2003 when Thomas Boland of Clemson University patented the use of inkjet printing for cells. This process utilized a modified spotting system for the deposition of cells into organized 3D matrices placed on a substrate (Wikipedia). This means that Thomas Boland was able to find out a way to 3D print cells. This is known as bioprinting because of printing of biological structures. This then lead to printing of tissues and then organs. So far successful 3D printed organs that have been printed and shown that they function are flat, vascular, and hollow organs. An example of a flat organ is skin, an example of a vascular organ is a blood vessel, and an example if a hollow organ is the bladder. Research is still going on about 3D printing extremely vital organs like the heart or kidney. It should be extremely difficult to copy the function of an actual heart to an artificial heart. The artificial heart would have to be made precisely and be able to push out blood with a lot of force just like an actual heart is able to do. Another benefit 3D printing organs will have is cost efficiency. Right now it is not that expensive to 3D print objects and scientists and doctors are already printing out prosthetics without losing a lot of money. 3D printing artificial organs will definitely have a lot of benefits once it is perfected. Many different countries have different views on organ transplant. Also, different countries have different laws and rules concerning organ transplant. Things like illegal organ trading and the black market are reasons why these laws and rules are made. Some countries, like China, only allow some hospitals to transplant organs. This helps keep unknown and illegal organ trading and transplants to a minimum. Additionally, China use to take organs from executed prisoners without their consent or taking their families consent. They have ceased doing that in 2014 and are now trying to ask for organ donations from regular citizens. Also, other countries have laws that will punish you if you commence in illegal organ trading. One major factor that can decide if an organ donation is illegal or not is consent. Different countries have different laws on this too. In the U.S., if you want to donate an organ when you die, you must opt in which basically means you must tell them that yes you will donate your organ once you have died. Other countries, however, have a different way. In countries such as Austria, laws make organ donation the default option at the time of death, and so people must explicitly opt out of organ donation (Scheiber). This basically means that by default when you die you will donate any organ that can be donated. If you do not want to donate your organ you must tell them beforehand that you do not want your organs donated. In these opt out countries more than 90% of people donate their organs (Scheiber). In opt in countries like the U.S. fewer than 15% of people donate their organs at death (Scheiber). This data can show us that it probably is better to donate organs by default when you die than having to tell someone that you can donate. Also, aside from this the country Iran is the only country in the world where it is legal to buy a kidney (Singh). People who sold their kidneys were given compensation from the government and from hospitals and doc tors. This helped cease the kidney donation waitlist and more people were able to receive donations. However, many countries still have a long waitlist for organ donations that is still increasing. Demand for an organ has kept increasing and is still increasing. This increase of demand makes the organ donation waitlist longer. The U.S. are one of the countries with a long waitlist. This could be because they still choose to use the opt in method. Countries with the opt out method have almost no waitlist because the rate of organ donation is much higher. In addition, people must be educated about the benefits of organ donation. If more people know what good they can do with donating an organ, more people will give their consent to actually donate their organs. Social media has also took action. Facebook put the ability to put your organ donation status. This helped increase the rate in organ donation registrations. Also, Apple had in update to their iPhones which allowed people to register for organ donation directly through their phones. Eventually the rate in organ donation will hopefully increase through all these methods. Organ donation, or organ transplantation, is and will always be beneficial. Many people have a need for an organ transplant because it is their last resort. It is in high demand now in the U.S. and in other countries around the world. People need to be educated about the benefits of organ donation so it can hopefully help increase the amount of organ donors. In addition, more research is being done to create more medicine to help make it easy on the people that have received an organ and to help those that donated. Even though organ transplant is the last resort it is definitely very beneficial for anyone in need.

U.s. National Security Strategy - 1382 Words

The Way Ahead for American and Iranian Relations: Engaging in a Cold War Over the past 37 years, Iran has become one of the most complex and stubborn national security strategy issues that the United States has had to deal with. Once a key U.S. ally in the region, Iran is now a chief protagonist. To complicate matters, recently, the U.S. has found itself simultaneously an adversary and a quasi-ally of Iran. An example of this duality would be: on one hand, Iran has provided support to terrorist organizations, like Al-Qaeda, that have attacked the U.S. and its allies. On the other hand, the U.S. has found itself on the same side of the fight with Iran against the Islamic State of Iraq and al-Sham (ISIS). Now and in the future the U.S. National Security Strategy (NSS) will have to consist of a combination of diplomatic, economic, and military action, while also partnering with regional and international partners, if the U.S. expects to contain Iran’s disruptive influence and ensure compliance with the brokered nuclear agreement. In contradiction to U.S. goals, Iran’s interest lay in becoming the dominant power in the Persian Gulf region and the Islamic world. It has gone about this by being a catalyst for much of the turmoil in the Middle East and North Africa. Iran has supported terrorist groups, instigated uprisings in neighboring countries, pursued a nuclear program and is regarded by some as a threat to global stability and Western Civilization (Barrett, 2012). WithShow MoreRelatedU.s. National Security Strategy1398 Words   |  6 Pagespresidency, President Obama determined that increasing our strategic focus on the Asia-Pacific Region and rebalance our national power and resources toward this region. This shift from the war footing in Iraq and Afghanistan to an increased peace and stability in East Asia was determined to be in the best national interests of the United States in the 2015 National Security Strategy. This strategic shift would have two major focus areas. First, the United Sta tes would focus on peace and stabilityRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategy1472 Words   |  6 Pagesâ€Å"Strong and sustained American leadership is essential to a rules-based international order that promotes global security and prosperity as well as the dignity and human rights of all peoples.† This statement from the most recent U.S. National Security Strategy indicates that the White House administration acknowledges the current international order is shaped constitutionally, or is â€Å"rule-based.† Globalization has made states and individuals increasingly interdependent and interconnected. GlobalizationRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategy Essay1562 Words   |  7 Pagesâ€Å"Climate change is an urgent and growing threat to our national security, contributing to increased natural disasters, refugee flows, and conflicts over basic resources like food and water.† These words from the U.S. National Security Strategy show the United States is moving forward on addressing the challenges posed by climate change. The Department of Defense published the 2014 Climate Change Adaption roadmap establishing three overarching goals and four lines of effort to guide geographicRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategies And Policies1231 Words   |  5 PagesFor this progress assignment I would like to describe homeland security as it is defined in the various U.S. national security strategies and policies. In addition I would like to speak to the difference between Homeland Security and Homeland Defense to include mission areas, task, operational responsibilities, and coordinating efforts. Homeland Security The establishment of the Department of Homeland security is, undoubtedly, a result of the lessons learned and identification of the need to protectRead MoreU.s. National Security Strategy 20142155 Words   |  9 PagesMONGOLIA using the operational variables of PMESII-PT and its role in the U.S. strategy in the Pacific Command (PACOM). 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His objectives are to keep the Taliban from becoming powerful, prevent them from government rule, improve Afghanistan security forces and governmentRead MoreNational Security Strategy for a New Era1471 Words   |  6 Pagesunidentified is a comprehensive strategy for United States national security. What are the priorities for American national security today, and how can they effectively be met? What are the overarching goals of the United States going and how can they be achieved? Answers to these questions are too often divided along partisan lines, making it difficult to construct a strategy that most policy-makers can support. Yet like a rudder on a ship, the U.S. needs a central strategy that has bipartisan supportRead MoreNational And International Security Threats896 Words   |  4 PagesNational and internation al security threats are typically perceived as conflict between nations or populations of people and are addressed with military strategies. However, as security is defined as †¦ (Define security) not all threats emanate from nations in conflict. The environment, for example, can threaten the safety of people, and therefore becomes and national security issue. Brown (1977) states â€Å"†¦threats to security may now arise less from the relationship of nation to nation and moreRead MoreThe Importance Of Security In War1058 Words   |  5 PagesThe Jaish al-Mahdi understood and exploited U.S. public opinion. This incident demonstrated that adversaries can achieve success by conducting influence operations. China identifies cyberspace as a key domain to project power and dominance. Chinese military strategists believe that information operations are directly linked to success or defeat in war and priority should be given to launching preemptive attacks. In 2005, China infiltrated numerous secure government systems and successfully retrievedRead MoreThe United States Faces Security Challenges1323 Words   |  6 PagesThe United States faces several national security challenges. For one, it has seemingly lost its leadership role in space activities. Other countries, such as China, are ramping up investments in space, while â€Å"NASA’s budget is at a historic low as a share of the overall federal budget.† Return on investments in space technology has benefitted the civilian space program and the military alike. U.S. military operations and intelligence collection rely on space systems and â€Å"access to these capabilities

Death with Dignity free essay sample

Autonomy is a fundamental right. Liberty interests of patients while coping with terminal illness, however, unlike autonomy, are protected under the Constitution as fundamental rights. Advancements in medicine are extending the average life expectancy for adults. The aging of the baby boomer generation is also contributing to the increase in the growing number of the elder population. As society ages, not only do individuals battle terminal illness, but they combat the unanticipated demands on their right to die with dignity. The ability to choose the timing of one’s death is limited to a few states in America. Additionally, there are a few countries now allowing physician assisted suicide. Even with this option, a patient must exercise advanced planning. Death with dignity is an increasing concern for all members of society. Euthanasia is a term meaning good death in the Greek culture. It is â€Å"the actual practice of preparing oneself for a dignified death† (Kiraly, 2012, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Death with Dignity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 335). Historically, several cultural beliefs favored euthanasia. Roman gladiators were encouraged to fight to their death with honor and dignity in Europe. While in Asia, samurai warriors fought to their death or committed seppuku, an act of suicide by one’s own sword. This type of suicide was honorable in the Japanese culture. Christianity took the opposing view and deemed euthanasia a sin. In accordance with Old Testament Judaism and Christianity, â€Å"the ‘certain’ death springs from sin, and it is nothing else than the payment, the punishment for sin. Thus it cannot possibly be anything that should be made better or easier† (Kiraly, 2012, p. 336). The views of Hippocrates, a Greek physician, aligned with those of Christianity, and were instrumental in curtailing views on euthanasia. He developed the Hippocratic Oath, still in practice today, regulating the medical behaviors towards death with dignity. Medical practitioners, serving as moral interpreters, help with avoiding the transgression of the euthanasia method towards societies’ view as a sin. Some philosophers interchange dignity with intrinsic worth. The principle that humans should not be used as a means to an end formulates certain moral laws. Most philosophers have rejected euthanasia based on the belief that it infringes on an individual’s autonomy. Philosopher, Immanuel Kant, asserts â€Å"it is morally impermissible to treat oneself without due respect, suicide is in all circumstances morally impermissible. Human dignity†¦does not support the legalization of assisted suicide† (Gentzler, 2003, p. 463). Pain and suffering, however, are factors that alter the opinions of several great philosophers regarding human dignity and the justification for euthanasia. Plato was opposed to active euthanasia, but he agreed that those suffering should not undergo prolonged treatment to sustain their life. â€Å"Euthanasia is the pursuit of a course of action where death is the intended outcome: it is the ‘medical management’ of death† (Harmon Sethi, 2011, p. 356). Euthanasia is organized into categories, voluntary active, voluntary passive, involuntary active, involuntary passive, non-voluntary. Individuals, with sufficient mental capacity to make their own end-of-life decisions, may request voluntary euthanasia. Individuals, lacking the mental capacity to make their own end-of-life decisions may succumb to involuntary euthanasia. Non-voluntary euthanasia occurs when an individual is competent but their wishes are unknown. Active euthanasia is the direct cause of this action, such as a lethal dose of medication, while passive euthanasia is a result of withholding life-sustaining treatment. Some may argue the act of euthanasia allows individuals the ability to die with dignity in some cultures however; death by means of euthanasia is not dignified. The Japanese medical and legal communities, â€Å"†¦ distinguish euthanasia from death with dignity in that they regard euthanasia as the administration of lethal drugs and regard death with dignity as the withholding or withdrawing of life-prolonging treatment† (Otani, 2010, p. 50). Although there is a distinction between euthanasia and death with dignity, the purpose of both is to end one’s unbearable pain and suffering. The act of euthanasia has negative connotations that stem from a history of genocide. Nazi Germany is an illustrious example of this deed. Using cyanide gas, the Germans exterminated a large portion of the Jewish population. Contrary to popular opinion, genocide is not limited to the past. The atrocities of this practice resurfaced a multitude of times, such as in the civil war, in Rwanda, as well as the conflict in Darfur. Social conditions in all of these countries contributed towards conflict and crisis situations resulting in the onset of social control. Genocide, often viewed as a deviant action, is also a type of social control. The casualties of these wars were not permitted to die with their dignity. Their deaths, indeed, did engender suffering. In these cases, the affected individuals experienced both active and non-voluntary euthanasia. History provides valuable lessons. Learning about the suffering of others affords us the opportunity to take action to prevent the possibility of reoccurrence. Karen Quinlan is an infamous case from the 1970’s. This woman was in a persistent vegetative state sustained by life-support. Her family petitioned the court to withdraw the ventilator machine, allowing her the right to die with dignity. The judge granted the family’s request to allow Karen the opportunity to breathe on her own or die with dignity. Karen continued to live in a coma for ten additional years. She survived those years with the assistance of a gastric feeding tube. Karen’s tragedy brought awareness to the importance of documenting individual’s end-of-life wishes. A health care directive is helpful in preventing the court system from making life and death decisions, such as in the case of Karen Quinlan. This document ensures a patient’s choices concerning life support are known—should they lapse into a coma. Executing a health care directive can be an example of voluntary passive euthanasia, while Karen Quinlan is an example of involuntary passive euthanasia. Jack Kevorkian provides a model for active voluntary euthanasia. Kevorkian assisted several people in the act of committing suicide. His patients sought his help in ending their lives to avoid prolonging their existence in an undignified manner. The case that brought infamy to Kevorkian was that of Janet Adkins. Adkins suffered from Alzheimer’s disease, and while she was still competent, she sought to end her own life. Many believe that â€Å"†¦when confronted with diseases or injuries that are incurable, untreatable, or poorly managed, patients may seek release from their suffering† (Harmon Sethi, 2011, p. 355). Although through unconventional means, Janet Adkins’ family was â€Å"grateful someone was willing to listen to and help a beloved member of their family† (Stutsman, 2013, p. 48). Media attention surrounding Jack Kevorkian, labeled Dr. Death, heightened awareness surrounding the rights of individual’s end-of-life decisions. Kevorkian challenged the ethical taboos surrounding assisted suicide. In doing so, however, he established a foundation for later decisions involving active euthanasia. Euthanasia provides a means to extinguish one’s life when they recognize the declining quality of their existence. Individuals seek to embrace life in whatever philosophical, religious, secular, or theoretical belief system they maintain. Failing health or unexpected circumstances influence these ideologies in the pursuit of the good life. In trying times, families are willing to consider drastic options. A terminally ill patient’s quality of life diminishes as their disease progresses. Family members do not wish to see their loved ones suffer with pain needlessly or persist in a vegetative coma for an undetermined amount of time. Allowing their loved ones to die, also relinquishes the families’ anguish of witnessing the lack of dignity. As the illness progresses, the body weakens and becomes frail. This â€Å"†¦frailty of the terminally ill [is] a reason why they need assistance in dying† (Durante, 2009, p. 28). Making the decision to end a family member’s life is not easy. Recognizing the difference between living with dignity, existing in a coma, or enduring pain and suffering, however, assists with easing the burden of making such a choice. Since dignity is a highly subjective term, â€Å"it is difficult to formulate a clear-cut and generally applicable definition† (van Gennip et. al. , 2013, p. 617). Terminally ill patients that present high anxiety symptoms would not necessarily be living in a dignified manner. On the other hand, terminally ill patients with feelings of peace and acceptance of their death are living with dignity. The state of mind in which the terminally ill patient exists transcends into the family member’s acceptance that their loved one is experiencing dignity. Certain individuals conceptualize dignity as maintaining the basic qualities of their abilities. Their capacity to function, both physically and cognitively, must remain intact. Patients interpret the loss of bodily functions as the transition phase from life to death. During an interview with an Alzheimer’s patient, a research study captured their view of dignity; â€Å"there is a little part of yourself, of your very own self, that has to keep functioning, otherwise†¦life would be†¦awful’’ (van Gennip, Pasman, Oosterveld-Vlug, Villems, Onwuteaka-Philipsen, 2013, p. 1084). Social aspects of daily living are equally important when integrating perceptions of dignity into a definition. The inability to interact with family, friends, or members of society impedes the quality of life for normally adjusted individuals. Persons with silent symptoms often experience lack of dignity as others may ignore or accuse them of faking their disability. For example, elderly individuals with early stages of dementia become isolated as social interactions with others prove to be challenging, especially with impatient people. Additional factors influencing dignity during the end stages of life include feelings of burden and the dependency on others for care. Terminal illness often requires professional oversight as the disease evolves. Medical staff routinely invades the privacy of an individual’s body with an assault of tubes and wires. The simple pleasures of taking a walk or eating a meal require assistance, that is, if an individual is even able to accomplish these basic tasks. A regimen of medications is necessary to survive, sometimes with side effects more lethal than the disease itself. The administrations of these medications are often through tubes taped to the inevitable collapsing veins. At this stage, palliative care is instrumental in maintaining the well-being of the patient. â€Å"Palliative care focuses on an individual’s comfort, relief of pain, control of symptoms, as well as psychological and spiritual support† (Nelson, 2013, p. 134). Palliative care is an extra layer of support provided by a team of doctors, nurses, social workers, clergy, and other specialists. The palliative care team provides guidance with difficult decisions as well as emotional support while the patient is undergoing medical treatment. This care is appropriate at any stage of a serious illness. The goal of palliative care is to improve the quality of live for those nearing death. One of the objectives of this care is information gathering. Family members and the patients, if cognitively able, discuss matters of importance with the care team that will enhance the dignity of the terminally ill. Topics, such as the patient’s values and belief systems, are especially significant if conflict of viewpoints exists within the family structure. Hospitals must inform patients of any change in care as well as their rights to participate in treatment decisions and be able to complete a health care directive. Health care directives eliminate choices made by the family. Providing full disclosure of information to the patients allows them to process their impending death. Approaching death with acceptance is key to dignity. The palliative care team works with patients to assist them in easing into this emotional phase. Being at peace and accepting the fate of one’s own death contributes to the quality of life. A patient being â€Å" †¦in a peaceful state of mind and ready to die,†¦accepting things as they are, not feeling anxious or depressed, and having the opportunity to say goodbye to loved ones all contribute to a death that [is] dignified†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (van Gennip et. al. , 2013, p. 622). Death is certain. Dignity is not a guarantee due to the onset of conditions resulting in death. Society has recognized the need for assistance in this dilemma. Choices to end the indignity of suffering in pain or with cognitive impairments are now available. Oregon was the first state to pass legislature allowing physician assisted suicide. Washington and, most recently, Vermont also permit this action. As previously discussed, Jack Kevorkian laid the foundation for the acceptance of active euthanasia in the United States. The Netherlands, Belgium, and Luxembourg have also legalized physician-assisted suicide. Strict regulations are in force for this process, requiring more than one physician counseling individuals seeking active euthanasia. Providing palliative care treatment may avert many people from choosing physician assisted suicide. However, â€Å"a small percentage of dying patients will still experience suffering that can become intolerable and unacceptable, and a subset of those will want assistance helping death come earlier rather than later† (Quill, 2012, p. 58). The legalization of physician-assisted suicide is slowly expanding across the United States. Vermont, as of May 2013, is now the third state allowing this act. Even though active euthanasia has been an option for the terminally ill for over a decade, the number of individuals choosing this method remains low. Individuals who choose assistance with dying find comfort in recognizing that they now have options in their life. They are able to maintain a peaceful state of mind knowing they have the choice of when to end their pain and suffering. This decision is their final act of autonomy consistent with their personal values and beliefs. Having control over one’s life is essential, especially if the quality of life has diminished due to disease. Quality of life corresponds to pleasures such as love of family, friends, and security, while dignity in death corresponds to freedom from pain, suffering and debilitating disease. The end of suffering, whether it is the patient’s freedom from pain, or the family’s freedom from grief, is the ultimate goal in seeking dignity in death.

The Suffering of the Proud Essay Example For Students

The Suffering of the Proud Essay Pride is a key to self-respect; however, when it goes to far, people forget that humility is a virtue too. In the play Antigone, pride plays a major role throughout, appearing as fatal flaws in both Antigone and Kreon, the main characters of Sophocless tragedy. For Antigone and Kreon, as soon as the stepped past the line of humility, they were doomed to fail. For example, Kreon became so proud of himself he refused to listen to others warnings and assumes the gods are on his side. But didnt that girl do wrong? The whole nation denies it. Will the nation tell me what orders I can give? Kreon, Haimon, Kreon 881-3 this is a perfect example, because he refuses to listen to his son, and then, when presented with the fact that the whole nation thinks he is wrong, decides that he doesnt care what the nation thinks. Throughout the play, his advisor, Koryphaios, repeatedly gives him gentle warnings, and Kreon claims he is getting old, ignores him, or refutes him with points that only emphasize his out-of-control pride, such as, Men our age, learn from Kreon 876. He also assumes that the gods will go along with whatever he says, can you see the gods honoring criminals? Impossible Kreon 364-5. We will write a custom essay on The Suffering of the Proud specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now This kind of attitude is something that appears in almost every Greek myth, the thought that the gods will side with them no matter what, and it always ends up biting them in the rear. Furthermore, Kreon holds his subjects in contempt, and feels that their opinions are a complete waste of his time. Kreon thinks there is nothing wrong with killing them if they displease him. He accuses the sentry who brings news of the burial, of being the culprit, and of course the only reason is because he is the closest person, but Kreon doesnt care. He exclaims to his advisor, You are an old man, are you senile? Kreon 353. He insults and degrades his own advisor, someone he is supposed to trust implicitly. The final, ultimate sign that he thinks he is better than everyone comes when his son, Haimon, confronts him. He refuses to even listen to his suggestions, degrades him, calling him too young, too idealistic, and under the control of a woman. Kreon then tries to kill Haimons fiancÃÆ'Â ©, right in front of him. Though the people in power control a nation directly, but the people in general indirectly control who rules them, if they want, and so a cruel or malevolent ruler, will always fall, and often violently. Finally, Antigone was so proud she could not try and change what was wrong, she just broke a law, and a law, weather right or wrong, should never be broken. Do you dare, despite Kreon? He cannot keep me from my own Ismene, Antigone 54-5. This is a perfect example of Antigones refusal to talk or reason with Kreon, and to just act, without thinking, and deciding that her morals are more important that the law of the land. She also refuses to back down, even once she is captured. Some people might argue that she is standing up for what she believes in, but if she had killed someone, because she felt that you may not murder is not a good law, would people agree? When people forget to be humble, they sew the seeds of their own destruction, they also often forget to listen to others, respect their junior, and sometimes even their seniors, and many time they break laws, forgetting that they are not gods, and cannot chose their fate.

Effective Ways to Overcome Postnatal Depression While Studying

Effective Ways to Overcome Postnatal Depression While Studying Postpartum depression can be a serious condition that mothers who have recently given birth may face. Being a new mother in school can be challenging enough, but if symptoms of postpartum depression occur, it can be even more stressful. What Is Postpartum Depression? Postpartum depression is a condition that can develop anywhere from three weeks to a year after the birth of a child. Symptoms include: feelings of sadness hopelessness loss of appetite urge to sleep all the time inability to practice self-care difficulty performing simple tasks trouble with focusing and loss of memory anxiety and feelings of guilt over not being able to bond with or care for your baby If you are experiencing these symptoms, know that you are not alone: about 1 in 7 mothers experience postpartum depression. Postpartum depression can be brought on by a number of factors. The sudden drop in hormones after the birth of a child can lead to depression. Being in a stressful environment or experiencing relationship strain between you and the child’s father may lead to depression. How to Overcome Postpartum Depression? If you’re in school and experiencing symptoms of postpartum depression, here are some things you can do to get help and alleviate symptoms. #1 See a Doctor The first thing you should do any time you’re feeling depressed, regardless of whether or not it’s due to postpartum is to talk to a doctor or psychologist. They can help you work through the emotions you’re feeling and build a plan for how to cope with them. Getting professional help can also take a lot of the burden off of you to get better on your own. You will still have to do your part and participate as well as you can in the sessions, but allowing someone who is an expert in this subject to take the reins can be a huge relief to a lot of new mothers. #2 Keep the Journal It can be helpful to write your thoughts down in a journal, even if there are painful thoughts. Having a place to express your feelings and let things out can also help you organize your thoughts. You may also do some journaling exercises that help you think positive thoughts like write down things you’re grateful for or writing down activities you look forward to doing with your baby. #3 Talk to Your Advisor Don’t be afraid to talk to the staff at school, particularly your advisor. If you don’t have a close relationship with your advisor, but you do with another professor, don’t hesitate to reach out and let them know you’ve been struggling with postpartum depression. You may be able to negotiate some of the workload or come up with a plan to help support you in this process. #4 Reach Out to Friends Friends and loved ones are there for a reason, and that’s to enjoy the good times and stick by you in the challenging ones. Accept help when it’s offered and ask for it when you need it. Many of your friends will be relieved to be able to be of use to you, especially when they see you’re struggling. Let them babysit your baby while you get a massage or a hair-cut or go for a walk by yourself. Organizing the time and a support team that allows you to perform self-care can help to alleviate feelings of stress and pressure. #5 Eat Well As a new mother, your body needs nutrients to recover from the stress of carrying a child and going through the birthing process. Foods like salmon contain DHA which, in addition to being healthy for your baby if you are breastfeeding, can also help prevent postpartum depression. However, because salmon also contains mercury, it’s advisable to limit its consumption to 12 ounces or two servings a week. Other foods such as low-fat dairy, lean beef, legumes, blueberries, brown rice, oranges, eggs, whole-wheat bread, leafy greens, whole-grain cereal and lots of water can all contribute to a healthy and energetic body and mind. #6 Exercise Exercise may be the last thing you want to do when you’re experiencing postpartum depression, but it can be one of the greatest tools to help you feel better. Exercise is an important part of your health and self-care and making time for it can greatly improve your self-esteem and boost energy levels. Simple exercises like walking, sit-ups, kegels, cat/cow pelvic tilts can help you tone and stretch parts of your body. You can also do workouts with your baby which are convenient when you want to work out but can’t find a sitter. They can be a fun way to bond with your baby. Take advantage of your school’s nursery (if they have one) and hit the gym as often as you can. #7 Join a New Mom’s Group New mothers have a lot in common and joining a new mom’s group can help you to make new friends, learn that you’re not alone in what you’re going through and give you resources on how to alleviate some of the challenges you’re experiencing. Feeling alone can really trigger depression and joining a group helps you to know you’re not alone. #8 Consider Switching to Online Though new mothers can absolutely be successful students on campus, sometimes it can be a challenge that feels too overwhelming. If you feel self-conscious about your body or weight, or it’s difficult for you to breast-feed among your peers or your class schedule feels overwhelming, an online course could provide relief from some of those things. If switching to online, make sure you still maintain contact with friends and family members. Isolation will only increase the feelings of depression. For studying mothers, postpartum depression can be a difficult challenge that can feel debilitating. However, taking certain actions such as talking to a psychologist, journaling your feelings, talking to your advisor or other trusted professor, reaching out to friends and loved ones, eating well, getting some exercise, joining a new mom’s group and possibly switching to an online course can all help to alleviate the effects of postpartum depression.

NUTRITION RELATED DISEASE Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words - 3

NUTRITION RELATED DISEASE - Research Paper Example Nutrition on other side can be defined as food that works in the body; components that are required in the body so as to grow, reproduce, and live a normal healthy life. Foodborne illness also known as foodborne disease is the term used to refer to symptoms associated with consumption of contaminated foods (Duggan, Walker and Watkins 179). Food poisoning entails eating contaminated foods as a result of poisons, or disease causing micro-organisms. On the other hand, nutrient related diseases are diseases that result from deficiency of some nutrients in the diet or over-consumption of some nutrients. According to Berdainer, Dwyer and Feldman, safe food is the major concern of all living things as well as food industry. Safe food contributes immensely towards protecting living things from foodborne illness. Additionally, observance of food safety contributes immensely towards reducing the rate of immortality as a result of consumption of contaminated foods. Safe food also entails taking in good diet. In tandem to this, consumption of safe food lowers the cases of nutrient related diseases. Food contamination is among the key elements that contribute to health problems. In most occasions, it is caused by the presence of unwanted micro-organisms, chemicals and physical elements in food. Food contamination is very crucial because it leads to occurrence of food borne illness. For instance, it is through consumption of bacteria as a result of food contamination that one develops gastrointestinal problems. Food contaminants have also the potential to cause death if not controlled in ti me. For instance, it is evident that typhoid leads to death if not treated effectively. Food additives are ingredients added to the produced food in order to increase its shelf life, enhance its flavor or change its physical appearance. Despite their contribution to successive maintenance of the quality of food, it is evident that they also cause some problems to people who are

Strategic Audits of Delta Airlines Research Paper

Strategic Audits of Delta Airlines - Research Paper Example Delta exists to include people of different diversities, religions, races, education, sexual orientation, gender identification, family status, geographical regions, citizenship, and styles of communication, socioeconomic background, skills, knowledge and much more. It is a great supporter of local organizations which focuses specifically on wellness and social health. For instance, Delta airlines has sponsored Cancer Society in America, Carter Center, Breast cancer centers, Network for Children Miracle, St. Jude Children Hospital, Humanity Habitat and much more (Datamonitor, 2010). Delta also is effective in supporting community-based organizations. For instance, the museums that enlighten, inspire, and exhibit people to make them important and enhance the betterment of this world is in partnership with Delta airlines. Other partnership includes Current partnerships include the Tribeca Film Festival, National Black Arts Festival, the Atlanta Symphony Orchestra, the Minnesota Orchest ra, High Museum of Art, Fox Theatre, Guthrie, and many more partners (Datamonitor, 2010). The objectives are in consensus with each other and they resonate well with the mission and external environment. For instance, Delta is involved in community activities which fulfill one of its missions.Delta airline is a company that strives to promote a culture that includes all the members in all levels of the operational environment. In addition, the management at the top acknowledges any level of contribution of all the stakeholders.

Assessment Methods Essay Example for Free

Assessment Methods Essay Question: Explain the main types of assessments and explain how you conduct or could conduct an initial assessment of learners Assessment is one of the main resources of learning. It is key to understanding and developing for both teacher and learners. Here are the different methods of assessments and how I would use them in my organisation. Initial Assessment: this method comes into play the minute the group of learners are introduced to a new teacher. It is a crucial part of their learning journey as it provides information needed to decide a learners starting point. It is the benchmark from which learners can progress and achievement can be measured. For example, teaching a new child on his or her first football session with my organisation, the teacher would need to assess age, physical attributes and most importantly if the child has every played or been taught before and if yes, to what standard. After this initial assessment it can then help the teacher plan a better programme for this individual and development can begin. Observation: Observing learners in action, whether it is certain drill or game situation is pretty much the main key to overseeing their developing firsthand. Also gauging their understanding, by them mirroring what they are being taught or shown. This can help the teacher grasp whether the teaching session has been successful and pitched at the right level. By viewing individual performances the teacher can assess this thoroughly and record notes of the session in the ‘evaluation section’ on the session plan. Formative Assessments: This is the ongoing assessment which takes place over the duration of the course to ensure each learner is or can demonstrate a progressive understanding of the learning objectives from each session. This can be done on an observational basis as well as QA (question and answer). For example, the teacher seeing a learner performing a skill that was taught as part of a drill in training and then progressing this into a game/match situation without being prompted. Witnessing this, noting it and then asking questions to that individual, such as – Why did you do that skill? Did it work? – allows that learner to gain some form of feedback on their actions in that situation. Question and Answer: QA is the obvious point of gauging what information has been taken on board by your learners. As well as learning the physical attributes of football, it is important learners know exactly why they are being taught a certain skill or drill and when and where they can use it in a game situation. So creating scenarios where learners can be shown something then questioned – why did we do this and can you think of a better way – will give the teacher a better understanding through the relevant responses from individuals or the group. This can be done on the pitch or broken down into a classroom situation. Getting answers from learners in a verbal or written way can help assess and test their awareness and knowledge in certain areas. Summative Assessment: This is the all important assessment that allows learners to gain that precious feedback in their development and standard of achievement in every object they undertake. Whether it is their performance in a football match or a task set within a training drill, the feedback given lays the path to progression for that learner within the task or match and allows the learner the chance to listen and acknowledge the teachers comments and take on board and develop for future situations. This can be delivered to them verbally or as a written player development report done on a weekly or monthly basis. Assessment Records: The records we keep on individuals are called Player Development Reports (PDR’s). The reason we keep those is to assess players’ progress throughout the course, from initial to final assessment. These are kept by the teacher and updated every session. They consist of the initial assessment, in which the teacher gathers all relevant information from them such as medical information, ability and special needs. This information is taken into consideration when setting aims and objectives. Learners will then be assessed to find their level, taking on numerous tasks and graded accordingly. This outcome again is recorded in their PDR to identify their needs and progression route. Following each session the teacher will add a comment in the PDR on what was achieved during the session and evaluating how well that individual participated, also commenting a note for development and new objectives. Along with learners PDR’s, the teacher will also assess the effectiveness of their teaching as each lesson goes by. This can be done through all forms of assessment, with the teacher evaluating their session judging on the understanding from each learner from that particular lesson. This will allow room for improvement or change of teaching style for further development within the group. This will all be noted in the ‘Actions for Development’ section of the evaluation page of the session plan. Record Keeping: Keeping records is one of the best methods to track progress, development and capability of all learners in your group. They also help keep the running of your organisation to a high standard, therefore making a good environment for learners to evolve. Throughout the course learners will be observed, assessed and tested through different methods in each objective they attempt or complete. These outcomes can be recorded through PDP’s (Personal Development Plans), test papers and documented one-to-one tutorials. These can be set aside and revisited at any point by learner or teacher. Keeping records, with regard to session plans and test results, etc, is also an important tool that allows teachers to evaluate and refine their sessions and any aspect of the rapport between teacher and learner that may need changing or improving, to ensure effectiveness when delivering a session. Also gauging who may need more help or who is ready for more extensive work. In my organisation the types of records we keep are slightly different but still as effective. As a football coach the records I keep consist of medical and incident forms, contact details of learner and venue, (including addresses), CRB numbers and coaches’ ID badges, also a copy of insurance. For obvious reasons these are kept safe and secure between sessions, but during sessions these would be on-hand with the coach in case of any accidents, incidents or emergencies.

John Gotti Essay -- essays research papers fc

  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From its very existence the Mafia has always been feared and respected. They are respected for the power that they posses to do what they want whenever and with whomever they please. Also the Mafia is respected for the money that they poses and the ability to get it by all means possible. They are feared by people knowing that the Mafia would not hesitate to kill someone if need be. "The roots of the mafia go way back to Sicily where their history is ancient and bloody" ( Cummings and Volkman 3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe American mafia is often portrayed as the invisible and omnipotent criminal of the movie melodrama" ( Cummings and Volkman 4). "It is neither of them, but the American mafia is one of the most dangerous criminal organizations in the world" ( Cummings and Volkman 4). When the American mafia first started people did not pay much attention to the criminal acts that they did and the unholy morals that they stood for. That was until a man from Chicago by the name of Al Capone took the mafia from rags to riches from the late nineteen twenties well into the nineteen thirties. Thanks to Mr. Capone, the American mafia was well known, and became a great force to be dealt with in the world. Mr, Capone also made men of the mafia among the most socially mobile people in America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are mafia families all over the world, some of which run their businesses in the countryside. The mafia is mostly a big city organization because of what goes on in the city:" crime , police , corruption and unholy alliances between politics and business" (Cummings and Volkman 5). Basically wherever the money is there will be a mafia family nearby. New York City is considered to be the main grounds of the mafia world in which they earn up to "thirty billion dollars each year" ( Cummings and Volkman 6).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The mafia is similar to a business where men run their own business and do as they please. Just as every business has its own structure so does the mafia. At the top of the ladder there is the "Capo Di Tutti Capi (boss of the bosses)" ( Cummings and Volkman 6). There is no head boss for the whole entire mafia organization itself. But each family has its own boss and he runs it the way he wants to in whatever way he pleases to do so. Under every boss there is an under boss, who is considered to be a supervisor in the mafia world. The counsigliere is called in to... ...BROKE THE MOB. NEW YORK : SIMON AND SCHUSTER, 1993. CUMMINGS, JOHN, AND ERNEST VOLKMAN. GOOMBATA: THE IMPROBABLE RISE AND FALL OF JOHN GOTTI AND HIS GANG. BOSTON: LITTLE BROWN AND COMPANY, 1990. ELLIOT, JOHN. "JOHN GOTTI HIS FAMILY". JOHN GOTTI TRIBUTE PAGE. HTTP://HOME.PACIFIC.NET.SQ/~SEOWJEAN/JOHNGOTTI/FAMILY.HTML ELLIOT, JOHN. "JOHN GOTTI HIS LIFE". JOHN GOTTI TRIBUTE PAGE. HTTP://HOME.PACIFIC.NET.SQ/~SEOWJEAN/JOHNGOTTI/LIFE.HTML KURINS, ANDRIS, AND JOSEPH F. O'BRIAN. BOSS OF BOSSES: THE FALL OF THE GODFATHER: THE FBI AND PAUL CASTELLANO. NEW YORK: SIMON AND SCHUSTER, 1991. LUBASCH, ARNOLD. "GOTTI JURY BEGINS DELIBERATION BY HEARING REPLY OF SECRET TAPES". NEW YORK TIMES 23 JUNE. 1992, B3. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI IS SEIZED IN ‘86 SHOOTING OF UNION LEADER". NEW YORK TIMES 24 JAN. 1989, B1. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI FREE ON BAIL AFTER PLEA IN SHOOTING OF UNION LEADER". NEW YORK TIMES 25 JAN. 1989: B3. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI AND 3 CHIEF AIDS ARRESTED ON FEDERAL RACKETEERING CHARGES". NEW YORK TIMES. 12 DEC. 1990, 1A+   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   JOHN GOTTI BY JEFFREY TAYLOR 2,854 WORDS John Gotti Essay -- essays research papers fc   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  From its very existence the Mafia has always been feared and respected. They are respected for the power that they posses to do what they want whenever and with whomever they please. Also the Mafia is respected for the money that they poses and the ability to get it by all means possible. They are feared by people knowing that the Mafia would not hesitate to kill someone if need be. "The roots of the mafia go way back to Sicily where their history is ancient and bloody" ( Cummings and Volkman 3).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã¢â‚¬ËœThe American mafia is often portrayed as the invisible and omnipotent criminal of the movie melodrama" ( Cummings and Volkman 4). "It is neither of them, but the American mafia is one of the most dangerous criminal organizations in the world" ( Cummings and Volkman 4). When the American mafia first started people did not pay much attention to the criminal acts that they did and the unholy morals that they stood for. That was until a man from Chicago by the name of Al Capone took the mafia from rags to riches from the late nineteen twenties well into the nineteen thirties. Thanks to Mr. Capone, the American mafia was well known, and became a great force to be dealt with in the world. Mr, Capone also made men of the mafia among the most socially mobile people in America.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  There are mafia families all over the world, some of which run their businesses in the countryside. The mafia is mostly a big city organization because of what goes on in the city:" crime , police , corruption and unholy alliances between politics and business" (Cummings and Volkman 5). Basically wherever the money is there will be a mafia family nearby. New York City is considered to be the main grounds of the mafia world in which they earn up to "thirty billion dollars each year" ( Cummings and Volkman 6).   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The mafia is similar to a business where men run their own business and do as they please. Just as every business has its own structure so does the mafia. At the top of the ladder there is the "Capo Di Tutti Capi (boss of the bosses)" ( Cummings and Volkman 6). There is no head boss for the whole entire mafia organization itself. But each family has its own boss and he runs it the way he wants to in whatever way he pleases to do so. Under every boss there is an under boss, who is considered to be a supervisor in the mafia world. The counsigliere is called in to... ...BROKE THE MOB. NEW YORK : SIMON AND SCHUSTER, 1993. CUMMINGS, JOHN, AND ERNEST VOLKMAN. GOOMBATA: THE IMPROBABLE RISE AND FALL OF JOHN GOTTI AND HIS GANG. BOSTON: LITTLE BROWN AND COMPANY, 1990. ELLIOT, JOHN. "JOHN GOTTI HIS FAMILY". JOHN GOTTI TRIBUTE PAGE. HTTP://HOME.PACIFIC.NET.SQ/~SEOWJEAN/JOHNGOTTI/FAMILY.HTML ELLIOT, JOHN. "JOHN GOTTI HIS LIFE". JOHN GOTTI TRIBUTE PAGE. HTTP://HOME.PACIFIC.NET.SQ/~SEOWJEAN/JOHNGOTTI/LIFE.HTML KURINS, ANDRIS, AND JOSEPH F. O'BRIAN. BOSS OF BOSSES: THE FALL OF THE GODFATHER: THE FBI AND PAUL CASTELLANO. NEW YORK: SIMON AND SCHUSTER, 1991. LUBASCH, ARNOLD. "GOTTI JURY BEGINS DELIBERATION BY HEARING REPLY OF SECRET TAPES". NEW YORK TIMES 23 JUNE. 1992, B3. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI IS SEIZED IN ‘86 SHOOTING OF UNION LEADER". NEW YORK TIMES 24 JAN. 1989, B1. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI FREE ON BAIL AFTER PLEA IN SHOOTING OF UNION LEADER". NEW YORK TIMES 25 JAN. 1989: B3. RAAB, SELWYN. "GOTTI AND 3 CHIEF AIDS ARRESTED ON FEDERAL RACKETEERING CHARGES". NEW YORK TIMES. 12 DEC. 1990, 1A+   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   JOHN GOTTI BY JEFFREY TAYLOR 2,854 WORDS

Watershed Management

Society and Polity 2010 Watershed Management – A Hope for Sustainable Development Table of Contents Watershed2 Integrated Watershed Management2 Categorization of Watersheds2 Need for Watershed Management:3 Characteristics of Watershed Management:3 Successful case of Watershed management in Maharashtra3 Approaches/methods used for people's participation4 Persuasion4 Gandhian Approach4 Creation of a common platform4 Selfless leadership5 Identification of the most pressing common problem5 Achievements at Ralegan Siddhi5 ————————————————-Watershed Management: A Hope for Sustainable Development Watershed A Watershed is defined as a topographically delineated geographical area in which the entire run-off tends to converge, through the existing drainage system, to the common outlet of the area for subsequent disposal. In other words, a watershed is an independent drainage u nit. Integrated Watershed Management It is the process of creating and implementing plans, programs, and projects to sustain and enhance watershed functions that affect the plant, animal, and human communities within a watershed boundary Categorization of WatershedsWatersheds are categorized on the basis of the following criteria: * Based on Size: Based on size, the watersheds can be classified into micro, mini and large watersheds. The watersheds with area less than 500 ha are called as micro watersheds. The watersheds with area more than 500 ha but less than 2000 ha are called as mini watersheds. The watersheds with area more than 2000 ha are called as large watersheds. * Based on Drainage: Based on drainage, watersheds can be classified into drains and streams. Drains refer to the smaller water channels whereas streams refer to the larger water channels. Based on Shape: Based on shape, watersheds can be classified into two types namely fan-shaped and fern-shaped. Fan shaped water sheds are those which are circular or nearly circular in shape. Fern shaped watersheds are those which are elongated in shape. * Based on Other Criteria: Watersheds can also be classified according to other factors viz. altitude (high watersheds and flat watersheds), moisture content (arid watersheds and wet watersheds), type of soil (black-soil watersheds and red-soil watersheds), etc. Need for Watershed Management:Watersheds are an asset and therefore they need to be managed properly so that we are able to utilize them in the years to come. They act as a source of water for the people living in and around watershed areas. They help in maintaining the nutrients of the soil, thereby supporting the agriculture sector to give a sustained yield. They also act as a good source of irrigation for the fields throughout the year. Since they support vegetation, they also help in reducing soil erosion as the roots of the vegetation hold together the top layer of the fertile soil.They also hel p in the development of the forests as they act as good source of water for the forest flora and fauna. Objectives: * Water has multiples uses and must be managed in an integrated way. * Water should be managed at the lowest appropriate level. * Water allocation should take account of the interests of all who are affected. * Water should be recognised and treated as an economic good. Strategies: * A long term, viable sustainable future for basin stake holders. * Equitable access to water resources for water users. The application of principles of demand management for efficient utilisation. * Prevention of further environmental degradation (short term) and the restoration of degraded resources (long term). Characteristics of Watershed Management: * Allowing an adequate supply of water that is sustainable over many years. * Maintains water quality at level that meets government standards and other social water quality objectives. * Allows sustainable economic development over the sho rt and long term. Successful case of Watershed management in Maharashtra Development fundamentally refers to human beings.It should be a human experience to meet people's physical, mental and emotional aspirations and potentials, not just in economic terms but should also lead to a sense of self-sufficiency and fulfilment. Ralegan Siddhi, often termed as an oasis of greenery surrounded by dry and bare hilly tracts is a unique example of transformation from poverty to plenty and a living model of people's participation in natural resource management in a watershed. Ralegan Siddhi is a small village with an area of 982 ha in Parner county (taluka) of Ahmadnagar district, Maharashtra, India.It is a drought-prone and resource poor area with annual rainfall ranging between 50-700 mm and temperature varying between 28Â °C and 44Â °C. The village is surrounded by small hillocks on the northeast and southern sides. The land is undulating and slopes vary from 3-15%. The 1991 Census enumera ted a population of 1,982 living in 310 households (presently estimated to be around 325). The sex-ratio being 902 females per 1,000 males (1,029 in 1971; 1,013 in 1981). The continued decrease in the ratio is explained as the return of male folk to the village with improvement in the socio-economic conditions of the village.Backward classes (scheduled castes and scheduled tribes) constitute only 14. 23% of the total population. Marathas of Khatri caste out-number other castes and constitute nearly two-third of the families. Among others are the backward castes including Mhar, Chamar, Bharhadi, Pardi, Sutar, Barber, Fishermen, Matang etc. By 1975, prior to intervention by Mr. Anna Hazare, the village had become quite notorious with all sorts of social evils, moral down fall and with badly shattered economic conditions. In general, the village presented the profile of a poverty-stricken and debt-ridden society.Scarcity of water was key to distress which limited the prospects of agric ulture. The water table was below 20 m, most of the wells used to dry up during summer and the drinking water had to be fetched from the neighbouring villages. The high rate of surface run off, due to high degree of slope and lack of vegetative cover had washed away the top fertile layer of the soils. Barely 20 ha of the village area was under irrigation. As a consequence the agricultural production was too meagre to support and sustain the livelihoods of the people particularly the resource poor farmers.Not even 30% of the food grain requirements could be met from rain-fed mono-cropping practised in the village. Approaches/methods used for people's participation The approaches/methods used by him for the participation of farmers in natural resource management works are highlighted below. Persuasion First of all, Anna went through a careful envisioning of the deteriorating situation in village life and decided to initiate through religion-moral undercurrent by persuading the people for reconstruction of Sant Yadava Baba temple.But he failed to impress and influence the people at large, primarily because the people were too busy with their own business and the worldly affairs. Gandhian Approach The second step was to set up examples by self-practising rather than mere preaching as Mahatma Gandhi used to do. Initially it went on unnoticed but in due course it gathered momentum. Particularly, he tried to organize the youths of the village under ‘Tarun Mandal' (youth organization). Besides, participation from all the sections of society was ensured and encouraged.Creation of a common platform Keeping all the differences and disparities aside, a common platform and meeting ground was created in the form of Sant Yadav Baba's temple. People started sitting in groups during evenings and discussing about the affairs of the village and common concern. Thus, the process of friendship, cooperation and communication started. Selfless leadership Anna himself invested all the money he had (Rs. 20,000) for purchasing building materials for the temple before asking others to contribute. Identification of the most pressing common problemThe main reason of disintegration, division and distress of the village society was the lack of a sound livelihood support system. The economy of the village was agrarian and shortage of water for irrigation was the major constraint to its development. Thus, assured availability of water was collectively identified as the top priority in a meeting of villagers. Achievements at Ralegan Siddhi Successful abolition of social evils like alcoholism, dowry, corruption and the caste system. These changes paved the way for positive steps to development.Regeneration of watershed resources through people's participation, a living example of watershed development and management. Development of agriculture and allied sectors by better farming practices and cropping patterns, judicious use of water by introducing drip irrigation system, yield enhancement etc. as a result the village where nearly three-fourth population was below poverty line, has become self sufficient and is surplus in food grains, today. Conclusion * Improving agricultural productivity. * Improving vegetative covers. * Increasing fodder & food availability. Reducing soil erosion & nutrient loss. * Improve water availability of surface & groundwater. * Enhancing quality of life among local communities.The case study shows the success of Gandhian approach to people's participation in watershed management. Since 1975, this has resulted into participation of all the 325 village families, renovation of a temple, stopping illicit liquor distillation, water harvesting in 4 small watersheds, construction of many check dams, plantation of five hundred thousand forest trees, controlled grazing, raising of ground water level rom 20 m depth to 6. 5 m, sale of onions worth Rs. 80 million in 1995 alone (exchange rate in June 1995 1 US$ = Rs. 31. 3), so lar street lights, village toilets, biogas, organic farming, introduction of livestock, a full high school, institutionalization of decision making at village assembly level, local voluntary organizational capacity building, acceptance and application of voluntary code of conduct, formation of different action committees, etc. References

A Study On The Concord Waterfall - 1569 Words

Grenada is one of the islands in the Caribbean that has the potential to capture both local and foreign markets in terms of Eco, Health and Wellness Tourism, but there are some challenges that have ensued in establishing this product on the market. This study is mainly based on the principles of †¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.. and how it can be applied or is applied to the Concord Waterfall which is the focus of my study. The Concord Waterfall is an ideal location to invest in the area of eco, health and wellness tourism. Presently, in the Caribbean region health and wellness sector has an estimated value of USD 180 million. Although the health and wellness sector has the ability to contribute significantly to the region’s development, it is still due to the lack of integrated strategies among the Caribbean countries to cater to the development of this sector of the countries. To compare, Thailand’s export of health and beauty products in 2005 was estimated at $8.72 million USD according to Department of Export Promotion while the Spa industry generated a staggering $155 million USD in revenue increasing year on year (Tourism Intelligence International (TII) 2009). This trend stands to be the most compelling argument for pursuing Wellness Tourism development in Grenada who is geographically much closer to the significant USA and UK markets and speak the same language. (Russell, 2013) Given spa and wellness service’s strong historical foundation and broadening scope, this niche may well beShow MoreRelatedResearch Papers for Eudora Welty4544 Words   |  19 Pagesto that ï ¬ ction but also to the considerable body of historical and critical work that has been done on it, Professor Gretlund establishes both a scholarly and a critical context upon which my speculative concerns depend. It is in the light of his study that I have written what follows, intending to bring to the support of our common concern for literature a metaphysical dimension of concern which I believe appropriate to literary criticism. Eudora Welty has understood from the beginning a responsibility